課程內(nèi)容
《People and places》Unit 2 Travelling around the world.（Listening and Grammar）
1.Brainstorming
How much do you know about the Eiffel Tower?
Guess the answers
How tall is the Eiffel Tower?
When was it finished?
How often is it painted?
How many people visit it every year?
Does it have a lift to the top?
How many steps are there to the top of the tower?
Listening
The Eiffel Tower
Listen to a radio program about the Eiffel Tower and complete the notes below.Write one word or figure in each blank.
2.Grammar A
Proper nouns
the Louvre Museum
Paris
The Champs-Elysees
France
the Eiffel Tower
We use a proper noun to refer to the name of a particular person,place,organization or times.
Proper nouns
| 專有名詞 | |
| France,Europe,Paris | the Eiffel Tower,the Great Wall,the Louvre Museum,the French Alps |
What are the differences between the names?
Below are more examples of different proper nouns.
| Names of people | Sally webb,Mrs Jacob,Xiao Ling |
| Names of places | France,the Louvre Museum,the Beijing Railway station |
| Organizations | the Red Cross,the United Nations,the World Trace Organization |
| Days of the week | Tuesday,Friday,Saturday |
| Months | January,March,September |
| Holidays | the Spring Festival,the Mid-Autumn Festival,Christmas |
專有名詞的定義：
專有名詞是特定的人、事物、團(tuán)體、地方、機(jī)構(gòu)等的名稱，其首字母要大寫。除個(gè)別外，專有名詞通常沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式。
例如：
1.人名、地名、書籍報(bào)刊等：
Jenny,Smith,Caption Grey(格雷船長(zhǎng)),Miss White,China,Asia,the Great Wall,London,Times《時(shí)代》周刊
2.組織機(jī)構(gòu)、街道場(chǎng)所、建筑物等：
the United Nations，Bank of China，the Summer Palace，the Shanghai Railway Station
3.節(jié)日、月份星期等：
the Spring Festival，the DragonBoat Festival，the New Year's Day,the Mother's Day,
May,Sunday
專有名詞的注意事項(xiàng)：
1.因?yàn)閷Ｓ忻~具有專有獨(dú)一性，所以一般情況下，專有名詞的第一個(gè)字母要大寫，不能在專有名詞的前面加上不定冠詞"a"或"an"。
如：
Beijing is the capital of China.
How does Alice make Joyce laugh?
但是有時(shí)專有名詞可以轉(zhuǎn)化成為普通名詞，轉(zhuǎn)化后它就具有普通名詞的特性了，即可以在其面前加上不定冠詞"a"或"an",在其詞尾加上表示復(fù)數(shù)形式的"-s"。以下是專有名詞轉(zhuǎn)化成可數(shù)普通名詞的例子：
A Mr Green called just now.
剛才有位格林先生打來電話。
（此時(shí)a Mr Green=a man called Mr Green）
I knew a John Lennon,but not the famous one.
我認(rèn)識(shí)一個(gè)叫約翰的人，但不是著名的那一位。
There are three Johns in this class.
這個(gè)班里有三個(gè)叫約翰的人。
（此時(shí)three Johns=three persons called John）
There are many Edisons in our country.
此句有兩種不同的意思：
其一、我們國(guó)家有許多叫愛迪生的人。
其二、我們國(guó)家許多像愛迪生一樣的發(fā)明家。
2.姓氏是專有名詞，一般沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，而且也不能加定冠詞"the".但是，當(dāng)姓氏的前面加定冠詞"the",在后面加上"-s",表示“一家人”。
如：
the Smiths史密斯一家人
The Blacks have moved house.
布萊克一家已經(jīng)搬走了。
3.有些專有名詞表面上看是復(fù)數(shù)形式，但是在實(shí)際使用中謂語動(dòng)詞通常采用單數(shù)形式。
如：
the United States 美國(guó)
The United Nations was organized in 1945.
聯(lián)合國(guó)是1945年組建起來的。
（這里把“the United Unions”看成一個(gè)整體。）
專有名詞前加定冠詞the的規(guī)則：
1.在大多數(shù)國(guó)名之前不加定冠詞the。但當(dāng)國(guó)名為復(fù)數(shù)名詞或詞組時(shí)（以“n.+of+n.”或“adj+n.”為結(jié)構(gòu)）時(shí)必須加上定冠詞the。
eg：
the United States of America.
the People's Republic of China.
the United Kingdom.
the United Nations
2.在表示海洋（ocean/sea）河流、島嶼、山脈、沙漠或地區(qū)等世界上獨(dú)一無二的名詞之前通常加定冠詞the。
eg：
the Paciflc Ocean
the Yellow River
the Peal River
the Alps
the Sun
the East
3.在表示酒店和旅館、電影院或戲院或劇院的名詞前通常加定冠詞the。
eg：
the Garden Hotel
the Shanghai Grand Theatre
A2 Read the passage below.Some of the nouns should begin with a capital letter.Underline these nouns and write the correct nouns above them.
Last july,I went to beijing to visit uncle zhang.He took me to many interesting places such as the great wall,the summer palace and the palace museum.I learnt a lot about the ming and the qing dynasties.We also visited the main stadium for the 2008 olympics.We went shopping on wangfujing street.I had a wonderful time in beijing and I plan to visit it again during the spring festival next year.
2.Grammar B
Conjunctions:and,but &so
since yet and because for but until however
(1)but
A French town by the sea is the perfect place for a summer holiday,but if you prefer to visit France in winter,you can try skiing on the mountains in the French Alps.
(2)and
There are many vineyards in the centre of France and farmers grow grapes to make excellent French wine.
(3)France has something for everyone,so why not visit France this year?
Because France has something for everyone.why not visit France this year?
=France has something for everyone,so why not visit France this year?
Conclusion
We use _____ to mean "also".
We use _____ to show a different idea.
We use _____ to show a result.
Memorize these words.You will use them a lot?
Homework
1.跟錄音，流利地朗讀課文。
2.根據(jù)文章中對(duì)法國(guó)的介紹，推薦去法國(guó)旅游值得游覽的景點(diǎn)，并說出推薦的理由。
3.完成GrammarA1 和A2的練習(xí)。
4.完成《練習(xí)冊(cè)》第18頁Vocabulary B，第26頁Reading B和第19頁至21頁Grammar的練習(xí)。
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周老師
女，中教中級(jí)職稱
英語專業(yè)八級(jí)，優(yōu)秀教師，在教學(xué)工作中，善用現(xiàn)代教育技術(shù)手段輔助教學(xué)，以提高課堂教學(xué)效率，教學(xué)成績(jī)突出。
